导论：

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30638831/article/details/81532892

https://cv-tricks.com/image-segmentation/transpose-convolution-in-tensorflow/

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/38964806

tf.nn.conv2d_transpose（

                     conv,   卷积后的结果  ，假设为 （16,375,250,64）

                     权重的初始化，   使用线性插值，请参考后面，  [3,3,3,64] [kernel,kernel,输出特征个数，输入特征个数]，

                      输出的初始化，    [16,750,500,3]   [batch,height,width,chanel]   chanel必须与输出特征个数相等

                       strides=[1,2,2,1],padding='SAME'

）  

conts = tf.nn.conv2d_transpose(pool,kernel2,output_shape,strides=[1,2,2,1],padding='SAME')

 

插值的目的:  把图像更精确的语义分割与得到原像素

 

差值等大小的filter:

from math import ceil
import numpy as npimport tensorflow as tfdef __get_deconv_filter(f_shape):"""Compute bilinear filter and return it"""filt_width = f_shape[0]  #计算kernel的宽filt_height = f_shape[1] #计算kernel的长half_width = ceil(filt_width /2.0)center = (2 * half_width - 1 - half_width % 2) / (2.0 * half_width) # 计算某点的权值  对这个点进行插值bilinear = np.zeros([filt_width, filt_height])for x in range(filt_width):for y in range(filt_height):value = (1 - abs(x / half_width - center)) * (1 - abs(y / half_width - center))bilinear[x, y] = valueweights = np.zeros(f_shape)for i in range(f_shape[2]):weights[:, :, i, i] = bilinearprint(weights[:, :, i, i])init = tf.constant_initializer(value=weights,dtype=tf.float32)return tf.get_variable(name="up_filter", initializer=init,shape=weights.shape)
a = __get_deconv_filter([3, 3, 3, 3])

 

差值翻倍的kernel:

def get_kernel_size(factor):"""Find the kernel size given the desired factor of upsampling."""#获取kernel的大小return 2 * factor - factor % 2def upsample_filt(size):"""Make a 2D bilinear kernel suitable for upsampling of the given (h, w) size."""factor = (size + 1) // 2if size % 2 == 1:center = factor - 1else:center = factor - 0.5og = np.ogrid[:size, :size]return (1 - abs(og[0] - center) / factor) * \(1 - abs(og[1] - center) / factor)def bilinear_upsample_weights(factor, number_of_classes):"""Create weights matrix for transposed convolution with bilinear filterinitialization."""filter_size = get_kernel_size(factor)weights = np.zeros((filter_size,filter_size,3,4), dtype=np.float32)upsample_kernel = upsample_filt(filter_size)for i in range(3):weights[:, :, i, i] = upsample_kernelreturn weightsprint(bilinear_upsample_weights(2,21).shape)

 

 

import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom math import ceil'''一张图片的反卷积
'''im = Image.open('timg.jpg')
images = np.asarray(im)
print(images.shape)images = np.reshape(images,[1,750,500,3])img = tf.Variable(images,dtype=tf.float32)
# kernel = tf.get_variable(name='a',shape=[3, 3, 3, 3], dtype=tf.float32,
#                                   initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())# 卷积核
kernel = tf.get_variable(name='a',shape=[3, 3, 3, 64], dtype=tf.float32,initializer=tf.contrib.layers.xavier_initializer())def __get_deconv_filter(f_shape):"""Compute bilinear filter and return it"""filt_width = f_shape[0]  #计算kernel的宽filt_height = f_shape[1] #计算kernel的长half_width = ceil(filt_width /2.0)center = (2 * half_width - 1 - half_width % 2) / (2.0 * half_width) # 计算某点的权值  对这个点进行插值bilinear = np.zeros([filt_width, filt_height])for x in range(filt_width):for y in range(filt_height):value = (1 - abs(x / half_width - center)) * (1 - abs(y / half_width - center))bilinear[x, y] = valueweights = np.zeros(f_shape)for i in range(f_shape[2]):weights[:, :, i, i] = bilinearprint(weights[:, :, i, i])init = tf.constant_initializer(value=weights,dtype=tf.float32)return  init# 反卷积核
kernel2 = tf.get_variable(name='a1',shape=[3, 3, 3, 64], dtype=tf.float32,initializer=__get_deconv_filter([3,3,3,64]))#tf.nn.conv2d(input=input_op, filter=weights, strides=[1, dh, dw, 1], padding="SAME")# 卷积
conv1 = tf.nn.conv2d(input=img, filter=kernel,strides=[1, 1, 1, 1], padding="SAME")
# print(conv1)
# 池化
pool = tf.nn.max_pool(conv1, ksize=[1, 2, 2, 1], strides=[1, 2, 2, 1], padding="SAME")shape_ = pool.get_shape().as_list()
print(shape_) #[1, 375, 250, 64]
output_shape = [shape_[0], shape_[1] * 2, shape_[2] * 2, 3]print('pool:',pool.get_shape())
# 反卷积操作
conts = tf.nn.conv2d_transpose(pool,kernel2,output_shape,strides=[1,2,2,1],padding='SAME')# print(conv1.get_shape())a = tf.transpose(conts, [0, 3, 1, 2])b = tf.transpose(tf.squeeze(a) , [1,2,0])with tf.Session() as sess:sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())# conv1_convert = sess.run(tf.transpose(conts, [0, 3, 1, 2]))# fig6, ax6 = plt.subplots(nrows=3, ncols=8, figsize=(8, 8))# plt.title('Pool2 32x7x7')# for i in range(8):#     for j in range(8):#         ax6[i][j].imshow(conv1_convert[0][(i + 1) * j])# plt.show()plt.imshow(sess.run(b))plt.show()